Pings
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2 Answers 0 Votes
What threshold of urinary cadmium (Cd-U) is currently considered indicative of early renal tubular dysfunction in exposed adult populations?
I am conducting a study on chronic environmental cadmium exposure and its nephrotoxic effects, particularly focusing on early biomarkers of renal tubular damage. Several sources suggest 2 µg/g creatinine as a reference point, but variability exists depending on population, sex, and co-exposure. Could experts clarify which threshold (e.g. 1 µg/g, 2 µg/g, or 5 µg/g creatinine) is most reliable or currently used in risk assessments and clinical practice?
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Answer Accepted 9 Answers 2 Votes
How do you balance privacy and public health in a pandemic?
Digital contact tracing involves a level of surveillance that could make a lot of people uncomfortable, especially given the involvement of large technology companies with spotty records on privacy. However, contract tracing represents one of the most potent methods for combating the pandemic and is only useful if implemented on a wide scale. How do we balance privacy and public health in these times?
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6 Answers 5 Votes
Can pesticides penetrate into fruits and vegetables as well as on their surface? Is it possible to completely remove pesticide residue?
Can pesticides penetrate not only the outside but also the inside of vegetables and fruits? How to remove pesticide residue from the surface? Is it possible to completely remove pesticide residue?
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6 Answers 3 Votes
What is the most important research material in protein bioinformatics? 1. Protein sequence 2. Protein structure 3. Protein-related Software 4. A high-speed computer
A protein's sequence contains its intrinsic properties as a code. Nobel laureate scientist, C. B. Anfinsen proved it through experiments. Unlike sequence, since structures are man-made and obtained under different laboratory conditions, they may contain human error. Further, unlike nucleic acid, to date, the protein-folding code is unknown. So, in my opinion the study of protein sequence is primary. It is better if one can include structure study with it. But little can be said about this...
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Answer Accepted 18 Answers 22 Votes
Could salary be used as a surrogate for smoking when sample data are lacking?
In epidemiology cohort studies, information on smoking status is often times lacking for the study sample, which makes it challenging to characterize the effects of other risk factors on endpoints that are causally related to smoking (e.g., lung cancer mortality). Given the strong inverse reported for smoking and income, could salary be used as a surrogate for smoking when direct data are lacking? or would potential relationships between salary other risk factors (e.g., health care access)...
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0 Answers 0 Votes
In developing bioresorbable metallic implants for bone applications, what do you think are the biggest challenges?
Presently, a lot of research is going on based on magnesium, zinc, and iron for being used as temporary implants for orthopedic applications. Despite its advantages, widespread adoption in clinical settings still presents numerous challenges.
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Answer Accepted 2 Answers 2 Votes
How sustainable are current water sources—including alternatives such as desalination, wastewater reuse, and groundwater—for supporting irrigated agriculture in semi-arid and arid regions?
Over 80% of water use in semi-arid and arid regions is allocated to agricultural irrigation, making the sustainability of water sources in these areas a critical concern. The key trade-offs and long-term implications of relying on alternative waters sources are not fully understood.
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5 Answers 1 Vote
What is the LOD of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)? what is it`s importance in estimation of the hazardous effect of exposure to PAHs?
please explain LOD of PAHs and it`s importance in toxicology
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18 Answers 8 Votes
Is Oxidative Stress sufficient by itself as an indicator and compelling basis for a carcinogenic concern?
Oxidative Stress as a Precursor and Mechanism for Carcinogenicity IARC and others (Smith et al) have identified 10 key characteristics which may be used/considered in the evaluation of carcinogenicity, one of which is oxidative stress. How strong or compelling, if at all, would the data need to be for considering OS as a putative and defensible MOA for carcinogenicity, or would there need to be other tangential/correlative data (e.g., tumors) available. In other words, is OS sufficient by...
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Answer Accepted 1 Answer 1 Vote
Can Levodopa and Renin-angiotensin system alter the intercellular tight junction (TJ) proteins in the epithelial cells in colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (in vitro)?
Colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) express tight junctions from 17-21 days. Levodopa is the precursor of dopamine, a well-known neurotransmitter, owever it also porduce effect in the gut. The renin-angiotensin system is responsible for maintaining homeostais and regulate blood pressure and volume.
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